See gissel on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "da",
"3": "gidsel"
},
"expansion": "Danish gidsel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "non",
"3": "gísl"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse gísl",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gīslaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gīslaz",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Danish gidsel, from Old Norse gísl, from Proto-Germanic *gīslaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gisselet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gislet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gisler",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gissel",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gislene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gisla",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "47 47 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 47 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gisseldrama"
},
{
"word": "gisseltaker"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a hostage"
],
"id": "en-gissel-nb-noun-dFLZoKRk",
"links": [
[
"hostage",
"hostage"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡis.sel/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡɪs.səl]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡɪs.sl̩]"
}
],
"word": "gissel"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non",
"3": "gísl"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse gísl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gīslaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gīslaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*geistlos",
"4": "",
"5": "hostage, pledge"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *geistlos (“hostage, pledge”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse gísl, from Proto-Germanic *gīslaz, from Proto-Celtic *geistlos (“hostage, pledge”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gisselen",
"head_nr": 1,
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gislar",
"head_nr": 1,
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gislane",
"head_nr": 1,
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gisselet",
"head_nr": 2,
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gissel",
"head_nr": 2,
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gissela",
"head_nr": 2,
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "47 47 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 47 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gisseldrama"
},
{
"word": "gisseltakar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a hostage"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"id": "en-gissel-nn-noun-dFLZoKRk",
"links": [
[
"hostage",
"hostage"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡis.sel/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡɪs.səl]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡɪs.sl̩]"
}
],
"word": "gissel"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gmq-osw",
"3": "gisl"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish gisl",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "geisli"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse geisli",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "geirr",
"3": "",
"4": "spear"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse geirr (“spear”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ger",
"3": "",
"4": "spear"
},
"expansion": "Old English ger (“spear”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gear"
},
"expansion": "English gear",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "geisli"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic geisli",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Geißel"
},
"expansion": "German Geißel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gesel"
},
"expansion": "Dutch gesel",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Old Swedish gisl and the older gesl, having feminine gender. Used in the 1541 Bible translation with the plural gisslar. Corresponding to Old Norse geisli, related to Old Norse geirr (“spear”), Old English ger (“spear”) and English gear.\nCognates include Icelandic geisli, German Geißel, Dutch gesel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-n-zero",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gissel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gissels",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gisslet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gisslets",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gissel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gissels",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gisslen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gisslens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "gissel n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "gissel n",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"stem": "gissl"
},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-n-zero"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gissla"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a scourge (whip)"
],
"id": "en-gissel-sv-noun-lIk959mZ",
"links": [
[
"scourge",
"scourge"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "49 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Corruption is the scourge of the country",
"text": "Korruptionen är landets gissel",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a scourge (source of persistent trouble)"
],
"id": "en-gissel-sv-noun-OWMF1w3B",
"links": [
[
"scourge",
"scourge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) a scourge (source of persistent trouble)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "plåga"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "piska"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "spö"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "stav"
}
],
"word": "gissel"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gisseldrama"
},
{
"word": "gisseltaker"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "da",
"3": "gidsel"
},
"expansion": "Danish gidsel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "non",
"3": "gísl"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse gísl",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gīslaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gīslaz",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Danish gidsel, from Old Norse gísl, from Proto-Germanic *gīslaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gisselet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gislet",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gisler",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gissel",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gislene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gisla",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Bokmål lemmas",
"Norwegian Bokmål neuter nouns",
"Norwegian Bokmål nouns",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Danish",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Old Norse",
"Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"a hostage"
],
"links": [
[
"hostage",
"hostage"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡis.sel/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡɪs.səl]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡɪs.sl̩]"
}
],
"word": "gissel"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gisseldrama"
},
{
"word": "gisseltakar"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non",
"3": "gísl"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse gísl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gīslaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gīslaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*geistlos",
"4": "",
"5": "hostage, pledge"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *geistlos (“hostage, pledge”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse gísl, from Proto-Germanic *gīslaz, from Proto-Celtic *geistlos (“hostage, pledge”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gisselen",
"head_nr": 1,
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gislar",
"head_nr": 1,
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gislane",
"head_nr": 1,
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gisselet",
"head_nr": 2,
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gissel",
"head_nr": 2,
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gissela",
"head_nr": 2,
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas",
"Norwegian Nynorsk masculine nouns",
"Norwegian Nynorsk neuter nouns",
"Norwegian Nynorsk nouns",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Old Norse",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"a hostage"
],
"head_nr": 2,
"links": [
[
"hostage",
"hostage"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡis.sel/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡɪs.səl]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡɪs.sl̩]"
}
],
"word": "gissel"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish neuter nouns",
"Swedish nouns",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Swedish"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gmq-osw",
"3": "gisl"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish gisl",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "geisli"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse geisli",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "geirr",
"3": "",
"4": "spear"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse geirr (“spear”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ger",
"3": "",
"4": "spear"
},
"expansion": "Old English ger (“spear”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gear"
},
"expansion": "English gear",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "geisli"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic geisli",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Geißel"
},
"expansion": "German Geißel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gesel"
},
"expansion": "Dutch gesel",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Old Swedish gisl and the older gesl, having feminine gender. Used in the 1541 Bible translation with the plural gisslar. Corresponding to Old Norse geisli, related to Old Norse geirr (“spear”), Old English ger (“spear”) and English gear.\nCognates include Icelandic geisli, German Geißel, Dutch gesel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-n-zero",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gissel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gissels",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gisslet",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gisslets",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gissel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gissels",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gisslen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gisslens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "gissel n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "gissel n",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"stem": "gissl"
},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-n-zero"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "gissla"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a scourge (whip)"
],
"links": [
[
"scourge",
"scourge"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Swedish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Corruption is the scourge of the country",
"text": "Korruptionen är landets gissel",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a scourge (source of persistent trouble)"
],
"links": [
[
"scourge",
"scourge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) a scourge (source of persistent trouble)"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "plåga"
},
{
"word": "piska"
},
{
"word": "spö"
},
{
"word": "stav"
}
],
"word": "gissel"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gissel meaning in All languages combined (6.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (95d2be1 and 64224ec). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.